November 27, 2020Security

The Role of Different Important Types of Information Systems

In this age of data, most fields of an endeavour such as education, producing, research, games, recreation, and business treat data systems as a desire. Successful businesses depend on the data system. Several organizations these days use data systems to supply services with larger satisfaction to customers, to access a wide variety of data, to handle business changes at a larger speed, and to extend the productivity of staff. To take care of these aspects, you need an Information system. An Information system is a formal, sociotechnical, organizational system designed to collect, process, store, and distribute information. In a sociotechnical perspective, Information systems are composed of five components: hardware, software, data, process and human.

Now let's look at different types of Information systems and their respective roles.

System Category	Explanation
Transaction Processing System	Better known as TPS and is one of the first systems to be automated. Can access and record information about all transactions related to the organization. Transactions happen whenever there exist activities involving sales order processing, (money owed to you), (money owed to others), (amount or quantity of items stored now) and ordering as well as payroll. These transactions involve credit and debit in the company’s ledger account. The output from this transaction is the account statement, which is used to create (related to managing money) reports. TPS now uses the latest technology which uses the E-commerce idea. This is a new challenge in the field of transaction processing which begins to shift to the on-line transaction processing system.
Management Information System	This system will take the information that has been (pulled out or taken from something else) from TPS and create reports which are needed/demanded by the management for planning and controlling a company’s business. This system is capable of satisfying the needs of management in buying (and owning) the information that: (a) is brief and useful. (b) can be received/be gotten and processed at the right time to decide. The different types of Management Information Systems (MIS) are Process Control Systems, Human Resource Management Systems, Sales and Marketing Systems, Inventory Control Systems, Office Automation Systems, Enterprise Resource Planning Systems, Accounting and Finance Systems and Management Reporting Systems.
Executive Information System	A decision support system specifically used by the executive management in making (related to a plan to reach a goal) decisions. It is a tool that provides online access directly to the (clearly connected or related) information, in the format that is useful and can be (looked at websites on). Relevant information is appropriately-timed, exact and useful in business aspects, according to the interest of certain managers. Useful format, and can be (looked at websites on) easily; will mean that the system has been specially built for the use of people who have little time to spare, are less skillful in using the keyboard and less experienced with computers. It is also an Information system that combines the features of an Information reporting system and decision support system. It focuses on satisfying the (related to a plan to reach a goal) information needs of the top management.
Decision Support System	The main focus of this Information system is for the effectiveness of the manager in analysing the information and making a decision. It is used for handling decisions that are not structured, (in other words) decisions which are made when an emergency happens. This system uses a (computer file full of information) management system, question language, (related to managing money) modelling, electronic spreadsheet, (related to studying numbers) analysis program, report generator or graphic software for supplying the information needed.
Office Information System	Office automation is wider than word processing and form processing. This Information system covers activities in the office, which can improve workflow and communication among workers, whether inside or outside the office. The focus of this system is on the collection of information for whoever needs it. The functions of this system are word processing, e-mails, workgroup programming, workgroup scheduling, facsimile processing, e-document, imaging and management of workflow.
Expert System	It is a program that produces a decision which is almost the same as decisions made by an expert in a certain control/field of study. This Information system can pretend to be the way humans think and think about/believe in making a decision. An expert system will combine the use of knowledge, facts and ways of doing things to make a decision. An expert can always give a certain decision which is (very close to the truth or true number) as well as securing/making sure of the greatest possible benefit to all the people concerned. Unfortunately, the sources for expert services are limited. This system can be surfed easily so that managers can identify (related to a plan to reach a goal) issues and then explore information for getting the sources about those issues. Realising the high value of knowledge and the (ability to do things very well) owned by the expert, (people who work to find information) have tried to move (from one place to another) and save in the computers the knowledge and (ability to do things very well) owned by the experts. Through this work, the expert system is made.

Every type of Information System has a role to play. It has been divided based on the If you the functions and the extent of/the range of usage of Information Systems.

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